世界投资报告2017（World Investment Report 2017）

U N I T E D N A T I O N S C O N F E R E N C E O N T R A D E A N D D E V E L O P M E N TWORLD INVESTMENT REPORTINVESTMENT AND THE DIGITAL ECONOMY2017EMBARGOThe contents of this Report must not be quoted or summarized in the print, broadcast or electronic media before 7 June 2017, 17:00 GMT.(1 p.m. New York; 7 p.m. Geneva; 10.30 p.m. Delhi; 2 a.m. on 8 June, Tokyo)iiWorld Investment Report 2017 Investment and the Digital EconomyNOTEUNITED NATIONS PUBLICATIONSales No. E.17.II.D.3ISBN 978-92-1-112911-3eISBN 978-92-1-060703-2Copyright © United Nations, 2017All rights reservedPrinted at United Nations, GenevaThe Division on Investment and Enterprise of UNCTAD serves as the focal point for all matters related to foreign direct investment and multinational enterprises in the United Nations System. It builds on more than four decades of experience and international expertise in research and policy analysis on investment and enterprise development, fosters intergovernmental consensus-building, and provides technical assistance to over 150 countries.The copyright of the material in this publication rests with UNCTAD. It may be freely quoted or reprinted, but acknowledgement is requested, together with a reference to UNCTAD and this Report. A copy of the publication containing the quotation or reprint should be sent to the UNCTAD Secretariat (e-mail: diaeinfo@unctad.org). iiiPrefacePREFACEIn 2016, global flows of foreign direct investment fell by about 2 per cent, to $1.75 trillion. Investment in developing countries declined even more, by 14 per cent, and flows to LDCs and structurally weak economies remain volatile and low. Although UNCTAD predicts a modest recovery of FDI flows in 2017–2018, they are expected to remain well below their 2007 peak.These developments are troublesome, especially considering the enormous investment needs associated with the Sustainable Development Goals, detailed in UNCTAD’s Action Plan for Investment in the SDGs. Progress on sustainable development – and lasting peace – requires more investment in basic infrastructure, energy, water and sanitation, climate change mitigation, health and education, as well as investment in productive capacity to generate jobs and income growth.Now more than ever it is important to ensure that the global policy environment remains conducive to investment in sustainable development. UNCTAD plays an important role in this, by providing guidance on national and international investment policy regimes. Its Investment Policy Framework and Roadmap for Reform of International Investment Agreements have been used by more than 130 countries in formulating a new generation of investment policies. This year’s World Investment Report builds on that track record and presents policy advice on how to deal with close to 3,000 old-generation investment treaties. A key challenge for policymakers in today’s global economy is digital development. The theme chapter of the Report this year shows that the di