中国企业家健康绿皮书（2023版）-北京大学中国卫生经济研究中心

⚥㕂⟱⚌㹻⨴䐀綁淼⛼GREEN PAPER ON THE HEALTH OFCHINESE ENTREPRENEURS IN 2023䭷㼋⽀⡙⻌❩㣐㷖⚥㕂⽡欰絑崸灇瑕⚥䗱2023晜䎃剢䎃剢䒸鎊INTRODUCTION⟱⚌㹻⡲⚹䧮㕂絑崸〄㾝涸䒸乾僽䲀鵳⚥㕂䒭梡➿⻊涸ꅾ銳⸂ꆀ⛲僽䔲♴⚥㕂獺緃涸餴彂կ䔲✲⚌涸晜㕃鷶幯䬪㾝㨤絊魧㢅劼麁♸䮋䧶痦♧絁涸➭⟌魧⡤ծ䗱椚⿽ꅾ⨴䐀⾓⸂⛲ꥥ⛓罜勻կ䔲♴⟱⚌㹻涸⨴䐀꡼곿姻䠁〄䧭⚹Ⱒ禹䧮㕂絑崸爢⠔〄㾝⿺⽡欰䊨⡲涸ꅾ銳靃곿կ⚹靐宠⟱⚌涸ⵄ渤♸Ɤ鵴涸〄㾝➭⟌㤃⸂䭨䴩剣❈➃㗏䭯ⵌ✫剒た剣❈➃⽲傍傍デⵆ莺〵կ䎃䎃ⴲ瀊瀊㣔傞ꢂ⡙"肅♳䋑Ⱆ぀㹊꣢䱽ⵖ➃㔔氻猌⚆涸嶊䜂♧絑刕ⴀ刿僽鴽鸟䒸勻緸⿼涸䎛岌Ⱒ岤˘˘鵛Ⳝ䎃勻⟱⚌㹻薉䎃傍鸙ծꢤ搬鳥⚆涸䫣麤侨♶胿侨➭⟌鵮尵瘝ⵌ➃欰⛓蔄渿佞㽠傍傍㖑㖈➃欰假鸀⚥♴鲨猌㖞կ➭⟌肕餏䔂捘涸⢪ㄐ䠭䘐✵䭨䴩䘍䧮䊨⡲⽲䙐殜✫荈魧涸⨴䐀꡼곿կ⟱⚌㹻僽遤⚌涸곭ⱙ➃暟➭⟌荈魧涸⨴䐀⠔䕧ㆇ♧⚡⟱⚌涸ㄐ鵘䨾ぢ⠔暭⸓♧⚡遤⚌涸〄㾝饥⸷欨荛⠔䕧ㆇ侮⚡㕂㹻涸絑崸䒊霃կ⚹✫䲿ꄀ⚥㕂⟱⚌㹻纈⡤た俒皍獦⟱⚌㹻㼆魧䗱⨴䐀涸ꅾ錠䌐⸔⟱⚌㹻⨞㥩⨴䐀盗椚⨞ⵌ傍〄梡ծ傍霏倗ծ傍屛毫昶䐀꧋㔙荈䎃饰嫦䎃㼆⟱⚌㹻涸⨴䐀꡼곿䒓㾝騈驶灇瑕䎇〄䋒շ⚥㕂⟱⚌㹻⨴䐀綁淼⛼ո⟄劍䒸饰⟱⚌㹻➃纈㼆⨴䐀盗椚ㄤ氬氻곫꣈涸ꅾ錠㽍Ⱖ僽䗱過盗氬氻ㄤ浓氿瘝䢨䚍ꅾ㣐氬氻涸곫꣈ㄤ盗椚կ昶䐀꧋㔙獤匧ㆇ䎾⨴䐀⚥㕂䧶殜ㄎが⟱⚌㹻獤匧䫏餴⨴䐀꣈薴✵劢搬կ剣✫⨴䐀涸魧⡤䩞腊❧剣⨴䐀♸餒㺢Ⱟ䖤涸㸤繠➃欰կ2023晜⚥㕂⟱⚌㹻⨴䐀綁淼⛼GREEN PAPER ON THE HEALTH OF CHINESE ENTREPRENEURS | 2023湡䔶CONTENTSշ晜⚥㕂⟱⚌㹻⨴䐀綁淼⛼ո涸ꅾ銳絕雿շ晜⚥㕂⟱⚌㹻⨴䐀綁淼⛼ո涸侨䰘勻彂ծ湡叻➃纈ㄤ絡雦ⴔ區絶䏞1.1շ晜⚥㕂⟱⚌㹻⨴䐀綁淼⛼ո涸侨䰘勻彂ㄤ湡叻➃纈1.2շ晜⚥㕂⟱⚌㹻⨴䐀綁淼⛼ո涸絡雦ⴔ區絶䏞1.3շ晜⚥㕂⟱⚌㹻⨴䐀綁淼⛼ո涸⡤唬䒗䌢絕卓唬叅고湡霹僈2.1⚥㕂⟱⚌㹻涸䚍ⵆ匬䧭嫱2.2⚥㕂⟱⚌㹻涸䚍ⵆ䎃륁匬䧭嫱2.3⚥㕂⟱⚌㹻涸⼓㚖ⴔ䋒3.1ꥥ霄烁霏縸䝖浓氿涸⚥㕂⟱⚌㹻浓氿猫碫ⴔ䋒3.2ꥥ霄烁霏縸䝖浓氿涸⚥㕂⟱⚌㹻涸䚍ⵆ䎃륁ⴔ䋒3.3⢾✌艑浓鸑鵂✌艑馄㡮唬叅〄梡⢾✌艑浓鸑鵂✌艑馄㡮ㄤ꜃ꬶ唬叅〄梡3.4
⢾歌朐艑浓㖲鸑鵂歌朐艑馄㡮唬叅〄梡06081114շ晜⚥㕂⟱⚌㹻⨴䐀綁淼⛼ո⚥㕂⟱⚌㹻涸匬䧭䞔ⲃշ晜⚥㕂⟱⚌㹻⨴䐀綁淼⛼ո⚥ꥥ霄ⵌ➃縸䝖浓氿շ晜⚥㕂⟱⚌㹻⨴䐀綁淼⛼ո⚥㕂⟱⚌㹻涸⨴䐀朐ⲃ4.1⚥㕂⟱⚌㹻⡤唬䒗䌢絕卓霹僈ծ䚍ⵆⴔ䋒ㄤ䎃륁ⴔ䋒4.2⚥㕂⟱⚌㹻⡤唬䒗䌢絕卓涸⼓㚖ⴔ䋒4.3շ晜⚥㕂⟱⚌㹻⨴䐀綁淼⛼ո♸շ晜⚥㕂⟱⚌㹻⨴䐀綁淼⛼ո⡤唬䒗䌢絕卓唬ⴀ桧嫱鳅4.4 շ晜⚥㕂⟱⚌㹻⨴䐀綁淼⛼ո荛շ晜⚥㕂⟱⚌㹻⨴䐀綁淼⛼ո⚥㕂⟱⚌㹻⡤唬䒗䌢絕卓⾎䎃嫱㼆4.5⚥㕂⟱⚌㹻⡤唬䒗䌢絕卓涸䎃馋⸷곫崵252023晜⚥㕂⟱⚌㹻⨴䐀綁淼⛼GREEN PAPER ON THE HEALTH OF CHINESE ENTREPRENEURS | 202336շ晜⚥㕂⟱⚌㹻⨴䐀綁淼⛼ո⚥㕂⟱⚌㹻⡤唬䒗䌢絕卓涸ⴔ碫絡雦ⴔ區5.1㿨㿨⚥㕂歑䚍⟱⚌㹻넞過⾓唬ⴀ桧鴪ⵌ5.2㿨㿨⚥㕂歑䚍⟱⚌㹻欥屘♲ꂾ5(㟞넞唬ⴀ桧馄鵂 5.3ぐ䎃륁媯⚥㕂⟱⚌㹻䗱歏㕃䒗䌢唬ⴀ桧㖲馄鵂 5.4瑟艎過祪'#(⼮넞唬ⴀ桧ッ梡ꥥ䎃륁㟞⸈罜㟞Ɤ涸馋⸷5.5㿨㿨⚥㕂歑䚍⟱⚌㹻涸㽶ꃑ6"㟞넞唬ⴀ桧剒넞5.6㿨⟄♳⚥㕂歑䚍⟱⚌㹻⡤ꅾ䭷侨#.*㟞넞唬ⴀ桧㖲馄鵂5.7⚥㕂㥎䚍⟱⚌㹻➢㿨䒓㨤歌朐艑絕蒜馄㡮涸唬ⴀ桧馄鵂5.8㿨⿺⟄♳⚥㕂歑䚍⟱⚌㹻腒肘聽馄㡮唬ⴀ桧馄鵂 5.9㿨⿺⟄♳⚥㕂㥎䚍⟱⚌㹻胊屲稇(㟞넞涸唬ⴀ桧㖲馄鵂5.10㿨⿺⟄♳⚥㕂歑䚍⟱⚌㹻⵸⴩艑䒗䌢馄㡮唬ⴀ桧㖲馄鵂 5.11㿨㿨⚥㕂㥎䚍⟱⚌㹻✌艑絕蒜馄㡮唬ⴀ桧剒넞唬ⴀ桧馄鵂 5.12⚥㕂㥎䚍⟱⚌㹻낧ꆀⲸ㼱낧餘毜匠낧㺙䏞㖈㿨⿺⟄♳唬ⴀ桧馄鵂շ晜⚥㕂⟱⚌㹻⨴䐀綁淼⛼ո⚥㕂⟱⚌㹻㢴絶䏞⡤唬䒗䌢絕卓翫ざⴔ區6.1鸑鵂䕧⫸㷖唬叅翫ざ㹊낉㹔唬崵〄梡 涸⟱⚌㹻唬ⴀ腒肘聽ず傞ⴀ梡고聽⸆腊䭷叻䒗䌢6.2鸑鵂䗱歏㕃唬叅翫ざ䗱腮湱Ⱒ㹊낉㹔唬崵〄梡 涸⟱⚌㹻唬ⴀ䗱歏䒗䌢ず傞ⴀ梡고䗱腮湱Ⱒ㹊낉㹔䭷叻䒗䌢59傍〄梡ծ傍霏倗ծ傍屛毫僽Ⱒꝶ65鵛劍雿俒〄邍7581 䫣デ〄䋒劼匬2023晜⚥㕂⟱⚌㹻⨴䐀綁淼⛼GREEN PAPER ON THE HEALTH OF CHINESE ENTREPRENEURS | 2023շ 晜⚥㕂⟱⚌㹻⨴䐀綁淼⛼ո涸ꅾ銳絕雿IMPORTANT CONCLUSIONS!䎃㖈昶䐀꧋㔙⿬⸈⡤唬涸紨♰➃妃⚥㕂⟱⚌㹻⚥昶䐀꧋㔙䊺ꥥ霄ⵌ➃烁霏浓氿浓氿ꥥ霄侨䰘絡雦荈䎃剢傈荛䎃剢傈⽰շ晜⚥㕂⟱⚌㹻⨴䐀綁淼⛼ո⚥⟱⚌㹻涸浓氿〄氻桧荛㼱僽˚➃➃➃僽䎃剢傈荛䎃剢傈㖈昶䐀꧋㔙⡤唬涸⚥㕂⟱⚌㹻侨ꆀ霪〄氻桧♸㕂㹻浓氿⚥䗱Ⱆ䋒涸Ⰼ㕂䜌䚍胅泿〄氻桧湱䔲˚䎃〄䋒涸շ䎃⚥㕂䜌䚍胅泿崨遤䞔ⲃⴔ區ո կた絯ꥥ霄䊨⡲➠㖈鵳遤⚥た絯ꥥ霄鵂玐⚥곫雦➠⠔剣刿㢴縸䝖浓氿涸⟱⚌㹻鄄〄梡կ1. 浓氿ꥥ霄絕卓!շ晜⚥㕂⟱⚌㹻⨴䐀綁淼⛼ո呏䰘䎃剢傈荛䎃剢傈⚥㕂⟱⚌㹻⡤唬㤛귬涸絆䧭ㄤぐ고湡涸⿬唬桧鷥䭊✫고⡤唬䒗䌢絕卓鵳遤絡雦絡雦絕卓儑爙䱗ꤑ♸䚍ⵆ湱Ⱒ涸⵸⴩艑䒗䌢馄㡮ծ✌艑絕蒜馄㡮瘝⡤唬䒗䌢絕卓歌朐艑絕蒜馄㡮㖈⚥㕂⟱⚌㹻⚥涸唬ⴀ桧剒넞鴪ⵌ䖃♴⣜妃⚹⡤ꅾ䭷侨#.*㟞넞ծ腒肘聽馄㡮ծ낧ꆀⲸ㼱낧餘毜匠낧㺙䏞ծ⡛㺙䏞腒跗涯胐㔿ꃫ-%-$㟞넞ㄤ곯⸓腡䒗䌢馄㡮唬ⴀ桧㖲馄鵂♲䧭կ!㼆✵⚥㕂歑䚍⟱⚌㹻銻渷剒䎛岌涸⨴䐀꡼곿僽⡤ꅾ䭷侨#.*㟞넞唬ⴀ桧䖃♴⣜妃⚹腒肘聽馄㡮ծ⵸⴩艑䒗䌢馄㡮ծ歌朐艑絕蒜馄㡮ծ낧ꆀⲸ㼱낧餘毜匠낧㺙䏞ծ곯⸓腡䒗䌢馄㡮ㄤ⡛㺙䏞腒跗涯胐㔿ꃫ-%-$㟞넞唬ⴀ桧㖲㖈⟄♳կ2. ⡤唬ꅾ銳絕卓062023晜⚥㕂⟱⚌㹻⨴䐀綁淼⛼GREEN PAPER ON THE HEALTH OF CHINESE ENTREPRENEURS | 2023!㼆✵⚥㕂㥎䚍⟱⚌㹻銻渷剒䎛岌涸⨴䐀꡼곿僽歌朐艑絕蒜馄㡮唬ⴀ桧䖃♴⣜妃⚹✌艑絕蒜馄㡮ծ낧ꆀⲸ㼱낧餘毜匠낧㺙䏞ㄤ⡛㺙䏞腒跗涯胐㔿ꃫ-%-$㟞넞唬ⴀ桧㖲馄鵂կ!շ晜⚥