中国小微经营者调查2021年四季度报告

ѣളቅᗤ㔅㩛㘻䈹ḛ 2021 ᒪ഑ᆙᓜᣛ઀ ᳞ 2022 ᒪжᆙᓜѣളቅᗤ㔅㩛ؗᗹ᤽ᮦᣛ઀ Online Survey of Micro-and-small Enterprises (OSOME): Quarterly Report (2021Q4) and Confidence Index (2022Q1) ्ӢཝᆜԷѐཝᮦᦤ⹊ガѣᗹ Center for Enterprise Research, Peking University ्Ӣཝᆜѣള⽴Ր〇ᆜ䈹ḛѣᗹ Institute of Social Science Survey, Peking University 㲸㲷䳼ഘ⹊ガ䲘 Ant Group Research Institute 㖇୼䬬㺂 MYbank 2022 ᒪ 1 ᴾ January 2022 䈹ḛᣛ઀৸ф㘻 ᕖᲉ⌘Ƚᆊ⏑ȽᶞㅇለȽ⧁޿޿Ƚᢵᆆ⨰Ƚ䱾、᜖Ƚࡎ⺋ ᶄᥥ঄Ƚ⧁㣩Ƚ傢Ᲊፕ ᢶᵥ᭥ᤷ 㲸㲷䳼ഘ⹊ガ䲘Ƚ㲸㲷䳼ഘᇘᡭ։僂਀ᵹⴀؓ䳒䜞Ƚ㖇୼䬬㺂 ्Ӣཝᆜቅᗤ䈹⹊䬴᧛φ https://www.cer.pku.edu.cn/osome 㲸㲷䳼ഘ⹊ガ䲘ቅᗤ䈹⹊䬴᧛φ https://www.dfor.org.cn/research/confidencedata ᪎㾷 㔝䘔㔣ӊ⅗ਇᐹɅѣളቅᗤ㔅㩛㘻䈹ḛᆙᓜᣛ઀Ɇδ2020 ᒪпᆙᓜࡦ2021 ᒪпᆙᓜε੄θ2021 ᒪ 12 ᴾθ्ӢཝᆜԷѐཝᮦᦤ⹊ガѣᗹȽ्Ӣཝᆜѣള⽴Ր〇ᆜ䈹ḛѣᗹф㲸㲷䳼ഘ⹊ガ䲘Ƚ㖇୼䬬㺂㔝㔣䙐䗽㓵р䈹⹊ᒩਦੇֵ⭞᭥Ԏᇓ᭬ⅴᵃࣗⲺ⍱䏹ቅᗤ㔅㩛㘻䳅ᵰਇ᭴䰤ভθ᧘ḛቅᗤ㔅㩛ᴶ᯦᛻߫Ⱦ㔅䗽њઞᰬ䰪Ⲻᣋ᭴θާ䇗ഔ᭬ᴿ᭾ㆊভ 15569 ԳȾṭᵢѣⲺቅᗤ㔅㩛㘻ᒩൽࡑ䙖ቧѐውփ㓜 4.3 Ѡδу੡㔅㩛㘻ᵢӰεθݻ࠼։⧦ެ֒Ѱ੮㓩ቧѐѱ࣑ߑⲺ䀈㢨Ⱦቅᗤ㔅㩛㘻ᰘᱥᡇള⽴Ր㔅⎄ਇኋⲺ∑㓼㹶㇗ૂѣඐ࣑䠅θੂᰬഖެ㿺⁗㙂ޭᴿ⢯⇀Ⲻ㜼ᕧᙝȾ ะӄᵢ⅗䈹⹊Ⲻ࠼᷆θᡇളቅᗤ㔅㩛㘻൞ 2021 ᒪㅢ഑ᆙᓜⲺ㔅㩛⣬߫Ƚᡶ䶘ѪⲺু࣑Ƚ᢬ᤷ᭵ㆌⲺ㾼ⴌȽ㷃䍺᛻߫θԛ਀ሯᵠᶛⲺؗᗹㅿᯯ䶘੾⧦ԛс⢯⛯φ 1Ƚቅᗤ㔅㩛᮪։㔅㩛㺞⧦ᴿᡶс┇θռуᧈ䲚ᆙ㢸ᙝഖ㍖Ⱦԛ⯡᛻ࢃⲺ 2019 ᒪੂᵕ֒Ѱ∊䖹ะ߼θ㔅㩛ᚘགྷ∊ׁ䲃㠩䗽ৱ഑ѠᆙᓜԛᶛⲺᴶք⛯χ㙂ሯ∊ 2020 ᒪੂᵕθᵢᆙᓜቅᗤ㔅㩛㺞⧦ࡏ⴮ሯഔ᳌ᡌфҁᤷᒩȾфржᆙᓜ⧥∊㙂䀶θቅᗤ㔅㩛࠰⧦㩛ѐ᭬ޛȽ⧦䠇⍷㔪ᤷ⣬߫ԛ਀࡟⏜⦽“п䲃”⣬߫θӜਥ㜳⭧㔅㩛ᆙᓜᙝഖ㍖ሲ㠪Ⱦ 2Ƚᐸ൰䴶≸у䏩ૂᡆᵢু࣑ԃᱥቅᗤ㔅㩛Ⱁ⛯θ᭵ㆌу⺤ᇐᙝૂい䍯䍕᣻ሯ䖹ཝ㿺⁗ቅᗤ㔅㩛㘻ᖘᡆু࣑Ⱦфржᆙᓜ㊱ղθᤷ㔣ദᢦቅᗤ㔅㩛㘻Ⲻѱ㾷ഖ㍖ԃᱥᐸ൰䴶≸⯨ᕧૂᡆᵢⲺ ু࣑θެѣᐸ൰䴶≸у䏩ሯ㿺⁗䖹ቅⲺቅᗤ㔅㩛㘻ᶺᡆᴪཝ᥇ᡎχሯ㿺⁗䖹ཝⲺቅᗤ㔅㩛㘻㙂䀶θ䲚㔅㩛ᡆᵢু࣑ԛཌθ᭵ㆌу⺤ᇐᙝૂい䍯ু࣑ҕᡆѰⰑ⛯Ⱦ 3Ƚ᢬ᤷ᭵ㆌ䙆↛䘶࠰θ㾼ⴌ∊ׁфрᆙᓜ⴮∊ቅᑻс䲃θᲤ᜖ᙝⲺい᭬᭥ᤷ᭵ㆌ㾼ⴌ∊ׁ䖹ެԌ᭵ㆌᴪ儎Ⱦ਺亯᢬ᤷ᭵ㆌሯቅᗤ㔅㩛㘻Ⲻ㾼ⴌぁᓜ൞уੂ⌞߂㊱ශȽуੂ㿺⁗ҁ䰪ᐤᔸ᱄ᱴȾ“い᭬᭥ᤷ”㊱᭵ㆌⲺ㾼ⴌ⦽䖹ެԌ᢬ᤷ᭵ㆌᴪ儎θӡ਍ࡦ“ᡆᵢࠅރ”ⲺѠ։ᡭδ⢯ࡡᱥᵠᐛ୼⌞߂㘻ε∊ׁ儎ӄޢਮ࡬Էѐχ“どውどቧѐ”᭵ㆌᴪཐ᜖਀ޢਮ࡬ԷѐȾ 4Ƚቅᗤ㔅㩛㘻ሯ 2022 ᒪжᆙᓜⲺ㔅㩛ؗᗹᙱ᤽ᮦс┇㠩㦙ᷥ㓵ԛсθޢਮ࡬Էѐؗᗹс䲃᱄ᱴθѠ։ᡭؗᗹᒩ㕉с┇Ⱦ൞ᐸ൰䴶≸ૂ㩛ѐ᭬ޛᯯ䶘θቅᗤ㔅㩛ؗᗹ᤽ᮦԃؓᤷ൞䖱ᓜ҆㿸॰䰪χ䳽઎㿺⁗Ƚ䘆㩛ᡆᵢњ亯Ⲻؗᗹ൞ᛨ㿸॰䰪޻ᵠ㿷㕉ૂȾޢਮ࡬ԷѐⲺؗᗹ᤽ᮦс┇㠩㦙ᷥ㓵ԛсθъᙱ։р䖹Ѡ։ᡭؗᗹᴪքȾ 5Ƚቅᗤ㔅㩛㘻〥ᶷ䶘ሯ㔅㩛ദ䳴ф⯡᛻θሯ㔅㩛ؓᤷ丝ᙝθ⴮ؗᡆࣕᴪཝぁᓜр਌ߩӄѠӰ࣑࣠θᒬ䙐䗽䈹᮪ᇐԭ㩛䬶ȽѠӰቧѐȽ䳽ᐛ਀㔅㩛ㅿᯯᕅ〥ᶷᓊሯ᥇ᡎȾ⴮∊䶔ቅᗤ㔅㩛㘻θቅᗤ㔅㩛㘻Ფ䚃ሯ⭕⍱┗ᝅᓜᴪ儎θъᴪⵁ䠃ѠӰ࣑࣠ഖ㍖Ⱦታ㇗ཝ䠅ቅᗤ㔅㩛㘻䇚Ѱ㠠䓡䶘Ѫ㔅㩛ദູθռԌԢ䙐䗽ᇐԭ㩛䬶Ƚ䳽઎ᆿᧈૂ㔅㩛⭕ӝㅿᯯᕅ〥ᶷᓊሯθᒬԛᢉ䴬ᐛㅿ䙊ᖺᶛᇔ⧦㠠ᮇθ࠮ᱴ࠰ᕰཝ丝ᙝȾ ⴤᖋ жȽѣളቅᗤ㔅㩛㘻䈹ḛⲺะᵢ᛻߫ ........................................................................ 6 δжε䈹ḛ䇴䇗਀ᇔ᯳ ................................................................................................ 6 δӂε䈹ḛ⢯㢨 ............................................................................................................ 7 ӂȽѣളቅᗤ㔅㩛䈹ḛⲺѱ㾷ਇ⧦ ............................................................................ 9 δжε2021 ᒪ഑ᆙᓜቅᗤ㔅㩛䖹пᆙᓜс┇θռሯ∊ 2020 ᒪ഑ᆙᓜะᵢどᇐ . 9 1. 㔅㩛⣬߫ ........................................................................................................... 9 2. ⧦䠇⍷㔪ᤷ᛻߫ ............................................................................................... 9 δӂεᡆᵢু࣑ૂᐸ൰䴶≸⯨䖥ᤷ㔣ᡆѰቅᗤ㔅㩛Ⱁ⛯ ...................................... 10 1. ቅᗤ㔅㩛㘻ᡶ䶘ѪⲺᴶѱ㾷ু࣑ᶛⓆӄᡆᵢ ............................................. 10 2. 〕䠇Ƚ৕ᶆᯏૂ䳽ᐛᡆᵢᶺᡆ㔅㩛ᡆᵢু࣑Ⲻᴶѱ㾷৕ഖ ..................... 11 3. い䍯䍕᣻ᴿᡶࣖ䠃 ......................................................................................... 14 δпεሯቅᗤ㔅㩛㘻Ⲻ᢬ᤷ᭵ㆌ㾼ⴌ䶘㕉䲃，᭵ㆌу⺤ᇐᙝᱴ⧦ ...................... 17 1. ᢬ᤷ᭵ㆌ㾼ⴌ䙆⑆␗࠰θቅᗤ㔅㩛㘻ԃᴿ䴶≸ ......................................... 17 2. ᭵ㆌу⺤ᇐᙝૂい䍯ሯቅᗤ㔅㩛㘻Ⲻᖧଃ ................................................. 20 δ഑εቅᗤ㔅㩛㘻㷃䍺䴶≸どᇐȽ㷃䍺ᡆᵢрॽ .................................................. 21 1. 㷃䍺䴶≸ ............