2025年亚洲及太平洋经济社会概览（英）

HighlightsAntónio GuterresSecretary-General of the United NationsForewordWith just five years to go, the Sustainable Development Goals are facing significant headwinds – from the devastating effects of conflicts and climate change, to geopolitical divisions and rising mistrust.This year’s edition of the Economic and Social Survey of Asia and the Pacific highlights one such area where leadership is essential to accelerate progress: climate action.Countries across Asia and the Pacific are particularly vulnerable to the devastating effects of a warming planet – including climate shocks and disasters like floods and droughts, as well as rising sea levels, melting glaciers and warmer ocean temperatures.This Survey reminds us that the health of our climate and the health of our economies go hand in hand.It calls on governments, businesses and policymakers across Asia and the Pacific to join forces to develop proactive policies that integrate climate risks into fiscal and monetary policies.It also urges governments to accelerate investments into climate-resilient infrastructure that can safeguard hard-won development gains and protect key sectors – like agriculture – from worsening climate impacts.And it highlights the need for energy solutions grounded in renewables to curb greenhouse gas emissions while creating new jobs and sources of economic prosperity.As this Survey makes clear, Asia and the Pacific is uniquely positioned to benefit from the green revolution, and – with the right macroeconomic policies – can build resilience, lower its exposure to the impacts of climate change and spur development.Now is the time to seize these opportunities and, guided by this Survey, build a future of stability, sustainability and shared prosperity for all across Asia and the Pacific and around the world.The Asia-Pacific region is seeking to balance its role as the engine driving global economic growth with emerging policy and deepening climate change challenges. The 2025 edition of the Economic and Social Survey of Asia and the Pacific highlights how domestic and external pressures, including relatively high interest rates, persisting sovereign debt risks and rising trade tensions and fragmentation, are testing the economic resilience of the region. We expect that most economies in the region will continue to demonstrate resilience in the coming years. Nevertheless, deceleration in productivity growth and income convergence, difficulty in diversifying into economic sectors with higher value addition and policy dilemmas to balance economic growth with green economic transformation present complex challenges. Increasing global economic uncertainty and deepening climate risks are also not making it easy for macroeconomic policymakers. Navigating this evolving landscape requires not only sound national policies but also coordinated regional efforts to safeguard long-term economic prospects and tackle climate change. To secure long-term economic prosperity, the Surv