世界就业和社会展望：2021年趋势（英文）

Trends ILO Flagship Report X World Employment and Social Outlook2021 X World Employment and Social OutlookTrends2021International Labour Office • GenevaProduced by the Publications Production Unit (PRODOC) of the ILO.The ILO endeavours to use paper sourced from forests managed in an environmentally sustainable and socially responsible manner.Code: DESIGN/WEI/PMSERVCopyright © International Labour Organization 2021 First published 2021Publications of the International Labour Office enjoy copyright under Protocol 2 of the Universal Copyright Convention. Nevertheless, short excerpts from them may be reproduced without authorization, on condi-tion that the source is indicated. For rights of reproduction or translation, application should be made to ILO Publications (Rights and Licensing), International Labour Office, CH-1211 Geneva 22, Switzerland, or by email: rights@ilo.org. The International Labour Office welcomes such applications.Libraries, institutions and other users registered with a reproduction rights organization may make copies in accordance with the licences issued to them for this purpose. Visit www.ifrro.org to find the reproduc-tion rights organization in your country.World Employment and Social Outlook: Trends 2021 International Labour Office – Geneva: ILO, 2021.ISBN 978-92-2-031958-1 (print) ISBN 978-92-2-031959-8 (web PDF)employment / unemployment / economic recession / COVID-19 / labour policy / labour market analysis / economic and social development / regional development / Africa / America / Arab countries / EU countries / Central Asia 13.01.3Photo creditsFront cover: © istock-Ika84Back cover: istock-FG TradeExecutive summary & Conclusions: IaremenkoChapters 1 & 2: © Andrey_AChapter 3: © eugenesergeevThe designations employed in ILO publications, which are in conformity with United Nations practice, and the presentation of material therein do not imply the expression of any opinion whatsoever on the part of the International Labour Office concerning the legal status of any country, area or territory or of its authorities, or concerning the delimitation of its frontiers.The responsibility for opinions expressed in signed articles, studies and other contributions rests solely with their authors, and publication does not constitute an endorsement by the International Labour Office of the opinions expressed in them.Reference to names of firms and commercial products and processes does not imply their endorsement by the International Labour Office, and any failure to mention a particular firm, commercial product or process is not a sign of disapproval.Information on ILO publications and digital products can be found at: www.ilo.org/publns.ILO Cataloguing in Publication DataPrefaceSince its emergence in December 2019, it has been very clear that the threat posed by COVID-19 to public health would also be a threat to the world of work. Workplace closures and other measures necessary to curb the spread of the virus have wreak