联合国工业发展组织发布《标准与数字化转型：数字时代的良好治理手册》

STANDARDS & DIGITAL TRANSFORMATIONGood Governance in a Digital Age©UNIDO, 14 October 2021The world is in the midst of the Fourth Industrial Revolution (4IR) powered by digital technologies that are transforming society, economies and the environment. Increasingly connecting objects, machines, people and the environment, the disruptive nature of these technological innovations makes it difficult to plan for and anticipate the future. What is clear is that the seismic shift that digital transformation brings has major implications for sustainable development. Timely and harmonized standards can play a pivotal role in shaping the digital transformation process, complementing regulations and contributing to digital transformation governance. Standards can facilitate the ongoing digitalization of industry by enhancing productivity and efficiency, promoting compatibility and interoperability between products and processes through common language, while guaranteeing minimum levels of quality and safety. Furthermore, standards can serve as accelerators of change as they promote innovation and the uptake of new digital technologies and spread knowledge through codification.This brochure, introduces a broader publication developed by the United Nations Industrial Development Organization (UNIDO), which describes digital transformation, its key drivers and the implications for three of the Sustainable Development Goal (SDG) pillars—people, prosperity and planet. It also highlights the role of standards in digital transformation governance. A review of the international standards landscape was undertaken for seven of the most-trending digital technologies of the 4IR. While standardization reflects the different features and scope of impacts of 4IR technologies, this publication identifies the essential criteria to understand how to develop appropriate and effective standards for digital transformation worldwide. Based on the review, further consideration is given to what good governance principles are necessary for guiding the development of standards in the digital technology landscape to ensure that the technologies remain human-centered and aligned to the goals of sustainability. Revolutions and change have marked human development. What distinguishes the 4IR from previous industrial revolutions is the parallel technological breakthroughs within and across the digital, biological and physical spheres. The complexity and rapid pace of change of the 4IR also make the revolution unique compared to previous industrial revolutions. Moreover, the COVID-19 pandemic has acted as an unanticipated accelerator to the pace of change and structural shift towards the 4IR and the adoption of new technologies.The 4IR is still being shaped. The digital technologies that sit at the heart of the 4IR will irrevocably transform systems and, consequently, how people live, work and play; therefore, societies need to understand its risks and rewards. It is essential to ensure