Capgemini-砍伐森林，满足透明度-监管如何重塑全球市场（英）

1Deforestation, meet transparency How regulation is reshaping global markets2Introduction1. World Wildlife Federation (WWF)2. Trase3. EPAAccounting for about 30% of the Earth’s surface, forests support 80% of the planet’s biodiversity and 1.6 billion people. Acting as a sponge, forests hold up to 2.4 billion tons of carbon every year, as they provide clean air and water, and regulate climate.1 While they are critical for the thriving of human beings, forests are currently under severe stress.With 420 million hectares lost in the last 30 years - accounting for roughly 11% of the total forest area of the world - commodity driven deforestation produces ~444 million tons of CO2 every year. This endangers our food and agricultural systems as the later indirectly contributes to lower crop yields thus accelerating the scarcity of some commodities.2,3A striking example is the steading decline of West African cocoa harvests between July 2022 and Feb 2024 (8-10%). The resulted in a steep rise in price (136%)4,5 Similarly, Ethiopian coffee yield is likely to drop by 30% around 2030.64. UNCTAD5. IFPRI6. FoodNavigator3EUDR is in line with the EU’s efforts to contain deforestation and forest degradation under the EU Green Deal, complementing other initiatives, such as EU Biodiversity Strategy for 2030 and Farm to Fork Strategy. These measures could lead to a reduction in carbon emissions amounting to 32 million tons per year.8The regulation is ambitious. Its comprehensive nature requires extensive changes in business practices, which need to be implemented before 2025, making compliance a notable task for economic players.The regulation is bold in approach, ambitious in goals, and far-reaching in consequences.7. European Parliament8. Regulation on Deforestation-free ProductsEstablish traceability:A chain of custody must be created to track products from consumers to sources using geolocation data. Plus, safeguards are to be implemented to prevent the mixing of compliant and non-compliant materials throughout the chain.Implement a Due Diligence system: Businesses must conduct risk assessments for compliance with the EUDR deforestation and illegality criteria.Report on the conclusion of the due diligence:Companies must create due diligence statements for imports and exports, detailing geolocation and risk assessments, with annual reporting required for compliance monitoring.Europe alone is responsible for 10% of global deforestation, largely driven by its consumption of palm oil and soya.7 To tackle the issue, the European Deforestation-free Products Regulation (EUDR) was brought into force in June 2023. Under EUDR, all companies importing or placing cocoa, coffee, palm oil, soy, cattle, rubber, wood, and some of their derivatives on the EU Market are to ensure these are deforestation-free. To elaborate, EUDR requires relevant companies to:10%of global deforestation, largely driven by its consumption of palm oil and soya4An urgent need for businesses to comply w